Member 1
Simple Present Tense
Simple
present tense adalah tenses yang digunakan ketika suatu kejadian sedang
berlangsung saat ini atau
kejadian yang berlangsung berulang kali (kebiasaan). Tenses ini merupakan
tenses yang paling sering digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris.
·
Simple
Present Tense Positive
Untuk membentuk kalimat
simple present tense positive, rumusnya adalah
S + Verb (1) / Verb
dasar / to be (is, am, are) + O
contoh simple present tense
positive :
Ø Susi
Pudjiastuti is the
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.
Ø She reads Harry Potter book everyday.
Ø They watch new movies every sunday.
·
Simple
Present Tense Negative
Untuk membentuk kalimat
simple present tense negative, biasanya menggunakan tambahan don’t atau doesn’t sebelum kata kerja, kecuali To Be dan Modal, rumusnya adalah
S + Don’t / Doesn’t
+ Verb (1) + O
Jika kata kerja / verb nya
berupa To Be, maka rumusnya
menjadi
S + (is, am, are) +
not + O
Contoh simple present tense
negative :
Ø Susi
Pudjiastuti is not the
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.
Ø She doesn’t read Harry Potter book
everyday.
Ø They don’t watch new movies every
sunday.
Perhatikan, untuk subjek
bentuk ketiga (she, he it), setelah kata don’t atau doesn’t, bentuk verb tidak ditambahkan S / ES
·
Simple
Present Tense Interogative
Untuk membentuk kalimat
simple present tense interogative / kalimat pertanyaaan, biasanya menggunakan
tambahan do atau does di depan kalimat. Rumusnya
adalah sebagai berikut
Do / Does + S +
Verb 1 + O
Kata do digunakan jika subjeknya
adalah I, you, they, atau we. Namun, kata does digunakan jika subjeknya
adalah bentuk orang ketiga (She, He,
It).
Contoh simple present tense
interogative :
Ø Does she read Harry potter book ?
Ø Do
they watch new movie everyday ?
Ø Do
you play basketball every morning ?
·
Wh-
Question dengan Simple Present Tense
Rumusnya:
Ø
When/Where/Why
+ do/does + S + bare infinitive
Ø
How
+ adverb(long/slowly/…) + do/does + S + bare infinitive
Contohnya:
Ø Why does
Andri walk so slowly?
Ø How
slowly does Andri walk?
Present Continuous Tense
Present continuous tense atau present progressive tense adalah bentuk kata
kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi yang sedang berlangsung sekarang
(present) atau rencana di masa depan (future).
·
Present continuous
tense positive
Rumusnya:
Contohnya :
Ø The ships are
sailing
Ø He is
smiling
·
Present
Continuous Tense Negative
Rumusnya:
S + be (am/is/are) + not + present
participle (-ing)
Contohnya:
Ø
The
ships are not sailing.
Ø
He is not smiling.
·
Present
Continuous Tense Interogative
Rumusnya:
be (am/is/are) + S +
present participle (-ing)?
Contohnya:
Ø
Are the ships sailing?
Ø
Is he smiling?
·
Wh- Question dengan Present
Continuous Tense
Rumusnya:
Ø Who/What + be (is/am/are) + present
participle
Ø When/Where/Why + be (is/am/are) + S
+ present participle
Ø How + adverb (well/fast/…) + be
(is/am/are) + S + present participle
Contohnya:
Ø
Who is sleeping in my brother’s bedroom?
Ø
When is Vera arriving from Seoul?
Present Perfect Tense
Present
perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja
yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aksi atau situasi yang telah dimulai
di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut sampai sekarang atau telah selesai pada suatu
titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu namun efeknya masih berlanjut.
·
Present Perfect Tense Positive
Rumusnya:
Rumusnya:
S + auxiliary
verb (have/has) + past participle (verb-3)
Contohnya:
Ø I
have read the book
Ø He
has left
·
Present Perfect Tense Negative
Rumusnya:
Rumusnya:
S + auxiliary
verb (have/has) + not + past participle (verb-3)
Contohnya:
Ø I
have not read the book
Ø He
hasn’t left
·
Present Perfect Tense Interogative
Rumusnya:
Rumusnya:
auxiliary verb
(have/has) + S + past participle (verb-3)
Contohnya:
Ø Have
I read the book?
Ø Has
he left?
·
Wh-
Question dengan Present Perfect Tense
Rumusnya:
Ø Who/What
+ has + past participle
Ø How
long/many times/… + have/has + S + past participle
Contohnya:
Ø
Who has studied
English for a year?
Ø
How
many times have they visited Bali?
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present
perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja
yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik
di masa lalu atau aksi telah dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut
sampai sekarang.
·
Present perfect continuous tense Positive
Rumusnya:
S + have/has +
been + -ing/present participle
Contohnya:
Ø She
has been driving
Ø The
toddlers have been sleeping
·
Present perfect continuous tense negative
Rumusnya:
S + have/has +
not + been + -ing/present participle
Contohnya:
Ø She
has not been driving
Ø The
toddlers haven’t been sleeping
·
Present perfect continuous tense introgative
Rumusnya:
have/has + S +
been + -ing/present participle
Contohnya:
Ø Has
she been driving?
Ø Have
the toddlers been sleeping?
·
Wh- Question dengan Present
Perfect Continuous Tense Rumusnya:
a. What/Who + have/has + S + been + present participle
b. How long /Where/Why + have/has + S + been + present
participle Contohnya:
a. What have they been doing for the last hour?
b. How long has she been sleeping?
Member 2
Ø Pengertian Simple past
tenses
Simple past tense adalah
kalimat tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi di masa
lampau dan telah berakhir di masa lampau.
Simple past tense is, to
declare an act/event that happened in the past / make enormous time has passed
and in the know.
1.
RUMUS SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Positive (+)
Subject (
I-You-She-He-It-We-They) + Verb II + Object
Negatif (-)
Subject (
I-You-She-He-It-We-They) + did not (didn’t) + Verb I + Object
Interrogative (?)
Did + Subject (
I-You-She-He-It-We-They) + Verb I + Object ?
Wh- Question dengan simple
past tense
When/where/why + do/does + S
+ bare infinitive
How +adverb(long/slowly/…) +
do/does + S + bare infinitive
Example :
1.
( + ) Last year we went to
Malang. (Tahun lalu kami pergi ke Malang.)
2.
( – ) Last year we didn’t go to
Solo. (Tahun lalu kami tidak pergi ke Solo.)
3.
( ? ) Did you go to Malang last year? (Apakah
kamu pergi ke Malang tahun lalu?)
4.
Why did the computer break down ?
5.
How long did the train journey take ?
Ø
Pengertian Past Continuous Tense
Past Continuous Tense adalah
Bentuk tense yang mempunyai kegunaan untuk mengidentifikaasi/menerangkan suatu
kejadian/aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung dimasa lampau.
Past Continuous Tense is a form of tense that has a
function to identify / explain an event or activity
that is going on in the past.
2.
RUMUS PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Positif (+)
Subject + to be (was/were) +
verb I + ing + object
Negatif (-)
Negatif (-)
Subject + was/were + not +
verb I + ing + object
Interrogative (?)
Interrogative (?)
Tobe (was/were) + subject +
verb I + ing + object ?
Wh- Question dengan past
continuous tense
When/where/why + be
(was/were) + S + present participle
How + adverb (well/fast/…) +
be (was/were) + S + present participle
Example :
1.
(+) I was studying English last night.
2.
(-) I was not studying English last night.
3.
(?) Was I studying English last night?
4.
Who were reading gardening books in the
library at 10:00 ?
5.
How fast was reza driving when you called him
?
Ø Pengertian Past Perfect tense
Past
perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan
bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu sebelum aksi
lainnya terjadi
Past perfect tense is a
form of verb that is used to state that an action has been completed at a point
in the past before another action occurred
3.
RUMUS PAST PERFECT TENSE
Positif (+)
Subjeck + Had + Verb 3 (Past
Participle)
Negatif (-)
Subjeck + Had + Not + Verb 3
(Past Participle)
Interrogative (?)
Had + Subyek + Verb 3 (Past
Participle)
Wh- Question dengan past
perfect tense
When/where/why + had + S +
past participle
How many times/often/… + had
+ S + be + past participle
Example :
1.
(+) My father had slept before I came.
2.
(-) My father hadn’t slept when I came.
3.
(?) Had my father slept when I came?
4.
Why had sony changed his mind ten times before selling his
car ?
5.
How many times had sony changed his mind before selling his
car ?
Member 3
The
Simple Future
Simple future adalah
suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi
terjadi dimasa depan, secara spontan atau terencana.
Rumus
:
Simple future tense
dibentuk dari modal “will” atau “shall” dan bare infinitive (bentuk dasar verb)
atau dibentuk dari phrasal modal “be gonig to” dan bare infinitive (base form
verb).
|
Jenis
Kalimat
|
Rumus
|
Contoh
|
|
Positif
(+)
|
S
+ Will + bare infinitive
S
+ be (am/is/are) going to + bare infinive
|
You
will win They are going to come
|
|
Negatif
(-)
|
S
+ Will + not + bare infinitive
S
+ be (am/is/are) + not + going to + bare infinitive
|
You
won’t win.
They
aren’t going to come.
|
|
Interogatif
(?)
|
Will
+ S + bare infinitive
Be
(am/is/are) + S + going to + bare infinitive?
|
Will
you win.
Are
they going to come.
|
|
Who
( digunakan untuk menanyakan orang )
|
Who
+ will + verb 1 + object?
|
Steve
rogers will lead them to get the victory.
Rena
and her family will provide foods for the guests tomorrow.
|
|
How
( digunakan untuk menanyakan cara )
|
How
+ will + verb 1 + object?
|
How
will the SAR come to the beach
|
Fungsi
dan contoh kalimat simple future
|
Fungsi
|
Contoh
Kalimat
|
|
Simple
future tense (will) untuk membuat keputusan secara spontan untuk melakukan
sesuatu (tanpa terencana).
|
Wait
a minute. I will change my clothes.
You
look nervous. I’II give you a glass of water.
|
|
Simple
future tense (will) untuk memprediksi masa depan (tanpa terencana).
|
The
doom will not happen in 2014.
Which
hotels do you think will offer the best
service?
He’II
be angry.
The
sandstorm will come.
I
think he will pass.
|
Future
Continuous Tense
Future continuous tense atau future progressive tense adalah
bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi yang akan
sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa depan. Aksi tersebut telah
dimulai tapi belum selesai pada saat itu.
Berikut rumus future continuous tense untuk kalimat positif,
negatif, dan interogatif.
|
Rumus
Future Continuous Tense
|
Contoh
Future Continuous Tense
|
kalimat
positif (+):
S + will be + present
participle (-ing)
|
He will be sleeping
|
|
You and I will be
walking
|
|
kalimat
negatif (-):
S + will + not + be + present
participle (-ing)
|
He will not be sleeping
|
|
You and I won’t be
walking
|
|
kalimat
interogatif (?):
Will + S + be + present
participle (-ing)
|
Will he be sleeping
|
|
Will you and I be
walking
|
Rumus wh and how question
|
Kalimat Positif (+)
|
Kalimat Interogatif (?)
|
|
S + be
(is/am/are) + present participle
|
menanyakan subject
·
Who/What + be
(is/am/are) + present participle
·
Whose/Which +
noun + be (is/am/are) + present participle
|
menanyakan object
·
Who/What + be
(is/am/are) + S + present participle
·
Whose/Which +
noun + be (is/am/are) + S + present participle
|
|
menanyakan adverb
·
When/Where/Why
+ be (is/am/are) + S + present participle
·
How + adverb
(well/fast/…) + be (is/am/are) + S + present participle
|
Contoh kalimat :
1. Menanyakan
subject
Who is sleeping
in my brother’s bedroom?
( siapa yang sedang
tidur di kamar saudara saya?)
2. Menanyakan
object
What are they
doing together now?
( Apa yang
sedang mereka kerjakan bersama-sama sekarang? )
3. Menanyakan
adverb
When is vera
arriving from seoul?
( Kapan vera
tiba di seoul? )
Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Future Continuous Tense
|
Fungsi
dan Contoh Kalimat Future Continuous Tense
|
|
Future continuous tense untuk
mengindikasikan suatu aksi yang akan sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di
masa depan. Time expression (keterangan
waktu) yang dapat digunakan antara lain dapat berupa adverb
of time (phrase) atau adverbial
clause of time.
·
tomorrow morning (besok pagi)
·
next summer (musim panas
selanjutnya)
·
at 10 p.m. (pada pukul 10
malam)
·
this time tomorrow (pada saat ini
esok hari)
·
when + simple
present tense (when
you arrive (ketika kamu tiba), when I see you again(ketika saya bertemu
denganmu lagi), when he gets home (ketika
dia sampai di rumah))
|
|
I together with my
friend will be walking on
Carita Beach tomorrow morning.
(Saya bersama dengan teman akan berjalan-jalan di Pantai Carita besok pagi.) |
|
Reny will be working at the office when you
arrive.
(Reny akan sedang kerja di kantor ketika kamu tiba.) |
|
He’ll be sleeping at 10 p.m.
(Dia akan sedang tidur jam 10 malam.) |
|
Don’t phone me at 7
o’clock , I’ll be having dinner with
my family.
(Jangan memelepon saya pukul 7, saya akan sedang makan malam dengan keluarga saya.) |
Future
Perfect Tense
Future perfect tense adalah
suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu
aktivitas akan sudah selesai pada titik waktu di masa depan.
Berikut rumus future perfect tense untuk kalimat positif,
negatif, dan interogatif.
|
Rumus
Future Perfect Tense
|
Contoh
Future Perfect Tense
|
kalimat
positif (+):
S + will + have + past
participle (verb-3)
|
The students will
have come
|
|
Meri will have eaten
|
|
kalimat
negatif (-):
S + will + not + have + past
participle (verb-3)
|
The students will not
have come
|
|
Meri won’t have eaten
|
|
kalimat
interogatif (?):
will + S + have + past
participle (verb-3)
|
Will the students
have come
|
|
Will Meri have eaten
|
Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Future Perfect Tense
|
No
|
Fungsi
dan Contoh Kalimat Future Perfect Tense
|
|
1
|
Future perfect tense untuk
mengungkapkan suatu aktivitas yang akan sudah selesai atau terjadi sebelum
aktivitas lain dilakukan di masa depan. Subordinate
conjunction yang dapat digunakan
sebagai time expression (keterangan
waktu) antara lain:
|
|
We will gather on the
road at 8. We will have gone when
you come at 9.
(Kami akan berkumpul di jalan jam 8. Kami akan telah pergi ketika kamu datang jam 9.) |
|
|
Before he comes, the
table will have been prepared.
(Sebelum dia datang, meja akan telah dipersiapkan.) [passive future perfect tense] |
|
|
2
|
Future perfect tense untuk
menunjukkan bahwa suatu aksi akan telah selesai pada suatu waktu di masa depan.
Penanda waktu yang dapat digunakan antara lain:
·
at this time next week/month (pada
waktu yang sama pada saat ini di minggu/bulan depan)
·
by this time next week/month (selambat-lambatnya
waktu yang sama pada saat ini di minggu/bulan depan)
·
by next Sunday (tidak melebihi
Minggu depan)
·
by 9 (tidak melebihi pukul 9)
·
tomorrow (besok)
·
on the 15th of May (pada tanggal
15 bulan Mei)
·
in 3 years time (dalam waktu
tiga tahun)
|
|
At this time next
month, I’ll have finished my
driving course.
(Bulan depan, saya akan telah menyelesaikan kursus mengemudi.) |
|
|
By this time next
week, we will have lived in this
house for 2 years.
(Minggu depan, kita akan telah tinggal di rumah ini selama 2 tahun.) |
|
|
The mechanic will have repaired my car tomorrow.
(Montir akan telah memperbaiki mobil saya besok.) |
|
|
On the 15th of May it
will have been two months
since we met for the first time.
(Tanggal 15 Mei akan menjadi dua bulan sejak kita bertemu pertama kali.) |
Rumus
wh and how question
|
Kalimat Positif (+)
|
Kalimat Interogatif (?)
|
|
S + have/has + verb-3 (past participle)
|
menanyakan subject
·
Who/What + has
+ past participle
·
Whose/Which +
noun + has/have + past participle
|
menanyakan object
·
Who/What +
have/has + S + past participle
·
Whose/Which +
noun + have/has + S + past participle
|
|
menanyakan adverb
·
When/Where/Why
+ have/has + S + past participle
·
How long/many
times/… + have/has + S + past participle
|
Contoh kalimat :
1. Menanyakan
subject
Who
has studied English for a year?
(siapa
yang telah belajar bahasa inggris selama satu tahun?)
2. Menanyakan
object
What
has Bobby studied for one year?
(Apa
yang telah bobby pelajari selama satu tahun?
3. Menanyakan
adverb
How
long has bobby studied English?
(Berapa
lama bobby telah belajar bahasa inggris?)
Member 4
A. The Use Of Some, Any
• Some
The word "SOME" is used in positive sentences,
for objects nouns counted and countless. Some are not used in negative
sentences or ask questions. The formula (S + several + O / C + verb) or
(multiple + S + verbs + O / C).
Note:
1.
If
using "SOME" for objects that can be counted (countable nouns), then
the object must be plural. If you use objects that cannot be counted
(uncountable nouns) then the nouns that follow them are not added s / es.
2.
The
word "SOME" is not used in either negative sentences, or in question
sentences.
3.
To
offer something (offering something) and also request (asking for request), use
the word "SOME" in the sentence.
Example: Although we are separate now, we are see the
some place that full of memories.
• Any
The word "ANY" is only used in negative
sentences and question sentences, which are then followed by either countable
or uncountable nouns. Nouns added are nouns that can be counted / countable
noun and must be plural. Formula: (S + any + negative word + O / C + verb) or
(any + S + negative + verb word + O / C).
Example: They don't doing any home work because they
tired and need to sleep.
B. Use Of Much, Many, A Lot
• Many
Used as a quantifier for countable noun. The use of
"MANY" in a sentence can also change depending on its position as a
determiner, pronoun, or adjective. Formula: (many + noun + S + O / C).
Example: How many
couple that tolerate each other in the different?
• Much
Used as a quantifier for countable noun. "MUCH"
can also act as a determiner and pronoun. Formula: S + much + verb + O / C.
Example: The question id much difficult than other
question.
• A lot
An informal form of "MANY" and
"MUCH". This means that "A LOT" can be used as a quantifier
for countable nouns or uncountable nouns. In addition to "A LOT",
there are actually many similar informal quantifiers. Some can also be used to
explain the number of countable nouns and uncountable nouns. Formula: S + a lot
of + verb + O / C.
Example: She hal a
lot of time to spent with her friend.
C. The Use Of Adjectives
Adjectives can explain the quantity, adequacy, sequence,
quality, and emphasis of a word.
Example: Be careful with your words, make sure you don't
hurt anyone.
Member 5
1.
The use of compround sentences using the connective
Complex sentences is a sentences that have main
clause and have at least one dependent clause.
Example : The girl whom he met yesterday is susi
2.
The use of articles
·
a , an, the – (no articles)
Example :
a.
A girl that
sitting in front of class is yani
b.
An umbrella
which on the table is mine
c.
The police are
in the office
·
And (addition)
Example :
I eat meatball and drink juice
·
But
Example :
My brother is tall but i am not
3. Or ( Choice or
Alternativ )
Example
:
I
want go to cinema or library
4. So ( Cause and Effect )
Example :
I felt cold so i put on a jacket
5. For ( Cause )
Example :
I had fever for I didn’t go to campus
